(i) What is Data ?
Data are facts represented by values, members of character string and which carry meaning in a certain context . In other words, data is an encoded representation of information .(ii) What is Information ?
A meaningful set of data that tells something about the data relationships .After processing, the meaningful arrangement of data is called information . For example, roll no, name, marks etc. of every student is data . After processing data we get the result of a student. This result is called information .
(iii) What is Field ?
The smallest unit of data has meaning in describing information; the smallest unit of named data . Or say data item or Field .(iv) What is Record ?
A Group of related fields of Information treated as a unit by an application program .A named collection of Zero, one or more data-items or data-aggregates . There may be an arbitrary number of occurrences in the database of each record type specified in the schema for that database . For example, there would be one occurrence of the record type PAYROLL- RECORD for each employee. This distinction between the actual occurrences of a record and the type of the record is an important one .
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